Everything about White Latin American totally explained
White Latin Americans are the
white population of
Latin America. They are descendants of
16th century-
19th century colonial-era settlers and of post-independence immigrants. The settlers were mostly
Spanish and
Portuguese, the post-independence immigrants were mostly
Italian. The next largest immigrant sources were
Spain,
Portugal,
Germany,
Poland,
France,
Lebanon, and the
British Isles, followed by various other
European and
Middle Eastern countries. The immigrants came principally in the late decades of the nineteenth and early decades of the twentieth centuries. Some twelve million people arrived in
South America alone in this period, although many returned or re-migrated to other countries, including the
United States and
Canada. The largest group in the region, Small numbers of other Europeans also settled, usually as a reward for military service to Spain or Portugal.
For the region as a whole, the number of
post-independence immigrants far surpassed that of settlers during the colonial period. In
Brazil, the most populous country in the region, the effect was consequently not as great, but the number of immigrants was large, at more than 4 million.
Admixture
Since the European conquest, the evolution of Latin America's population is embedded in a long and widespread history of intermixing, so that many White Latin Americans have
Amerindian and/or
sub-Saharan African and/or
Asian ancestry. However, intermixing isn't exclusive to the region, of course, and the white race is nowhere a "pure race": pure races don't exist, and evidently never have.
Under the
casta system of colonial Latin America, a person of mixed European and Amerindian ancestry would legally and automatically regain their
limpieza de sangre (lit. "purity of blood") and be classified as
criollo with others in that category (a designation denoting "pure" Spaniards born in the Americas), if they were of one-eighth or less Amerindian ancestry. These would be the offspring of a
castizo (1/4th Amerindian 3/4th Spanish) with a Spaniard or a criollo (who may himself have been mixed).
In practice, many castizos did themselves also
subversively purchase their Whiteness all over Latin America, for a steep price, with relevant "
probanzas de limpieza de sangre" records altered, consolidating themselves within the lawfully white population. Additionally, at least in the parts of Latin America under the jurisdiction of the
Viceroyalty of New Spain (from the modern
Southwest United States plus
Florida, all of modern
Mexico then down as far south as the southern border of modern
Costa Rica, as well as
Puerto Rico,
Cuba, the
Dominican Republic), officials in the late 16th century did actually decide "to grant limpieza certification to those who had no more than a fourth of native ancestry (called castizos)."
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Mexico
|9 or ~15
|9.8 or 16.3
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Colombia
|20
| 8.9
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Cuba
|65.1
| 4.3
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Puerto Rico
|80.5
| 3.1
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Uruguay
|88
| 3
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Dominican Republic
|16
| 1.5
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Bolivia
|15
| 1.4
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Nicaragua
|17
| 1
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Ecuador
|7 In its 2000 Census results, Indigenous, Black, and Chinese Costa Ricans combined for 3.8% of the population, while 93.7% were "other"; the remaining 2.6% gave no answer (numbers are rounded to tenths). There are figures for the white population by itself, such as 80%, and 47%. The white population is primarily of
Spanish ancestry. There are also significant numbers of Costa Ricans of
Italian, Lebanese,
German,
Jewish and
Polish descent. In contrast to its neighboring countries' populations, less mixing of the Spanish settlers and the indigenous populations occurred. Therefore, a vast majority of Costa Ricans are either of Spanish or to a lesser extent of mestizo heritage.
El Salvador
Of the total Salvadoran population, 9% is white. They're mostly of Spanish descent, others of
Italian,
German,
French, and
Palestinian. The majority of the white Salvadorans are in
San Salvador, Chalatenango and
Santa Ana.
Guatemala
The exact percentage of the white Guatemalan population isn't known because the Guatemalan census combines
mestizos and whites in one category, where they make up a combined total of 59.4%. Whites are primarily of
Spanish descent, but there are also those of
German,
English,
Italian, and
Scandinavian descent).
Honduras
Honduras contains the smallest percentage of whites in Latin America, with only 1% classified as white, or up to 75,000 of the total population. Of these, the majority are
Palestinian and people of
Spanish descent.
Nicaragua
White Nicaraguans make up 17%, about 1 million, of the Nicaraguan population. with the
Spanish being predominant. Other ancestries includes
Dutch,
English,
French,
German,
Irish,
Italian, Lebanese,
Portuguese and
Russian.
Mexico
White Mexicans make up 9%
White Americans and
Canadians,
Greeks,
Armenians,
Romanians,
Portugese,
Poles,
Russians,
Ashkenazic Jews and immigrants from other
Slavic countries,
Caribbean
Cuba
White Cubans make up 65% or 66% of Cuba's total population (however, it's 37% in the CIA Factbook), with the majority being of diverse
Spanish descent, mainly from the settlers but also from the more recent influx of exiles from
Franco's Spain.
The ancestry of white Cubans comes primarily from
Spain, with many others being of
French,
Portuguese,
Italian and
Russian descent.
During the 18th, 19th and early part of the 20th century, large waves of
Canarian,
Catalan,
Andalusian and
Galician emigrated to Cuba. Also, minor but significant ethnic influx is derived from diverse peoples from
Middle Eastern nations such as
Lebanon and
Jews; however, not all Cuban Jews are from the Middle East, as many are
Sephardic Jews.
Between 1900 and 1930, close to a million Spaniards arrived from Spain; many of these and their descendants left after the
Castro government took power.
Dominican Republic
White Dominicans represent 16% of the total population, The government of
Rafael Leónidas Trujillo made a point of "whitening" the racial composition of the country,
rejecting black immigrants from Haiti and the local blacks as foreigners.
For example, he welcomed Jewish refugees in 1938 and Spanish farmers in the 1950s.
Puerto Rico
White Puerto Ricans of European, chiefly
Spanish descent, are said to comprise the majority. In the year
1899, one year after the U.S took control of the island, 61.8% of people identified as
White. One hundred years later in the
United States Census, 2000 the total has risen to 80.5% (3,064,862), one percent more than reported in 1950. One possible reason for Puerto Rico's high percentage of European-descent population is the fact that many of the Puerto Ricans of African or Native American descent left the island in waves of migration.
During the 19th century, hundreds of
Corsican,
French,
Lebanese, and
Portuguese families, along with large numbers of immigrants from Spain (mainly from
Catalonia,
Asturias,
Galicia, the
Balearic Islands,
Andalusia, and the
Canary Islands) and numerous Spanish loyalists from Spain's former colonies in South America, arrived in Puerto Rico. Other settlers have included
Irish,
Scots,
Germans,
Italians, and thousands others who were granted land from Spain during the
Real Cedula de Gracias de 1815 (
Royal Decree of Graces of 1815), which allowed European Catholics to settle in the island with a certain amount of free land. After the
United States took possession of Puerto Rico after the
Spanish-American War,
White Americans began settling in Puerto Rico, continuing to the present day. Spanish refugees arrived in Puerto Rico during
Francisco Franco’s rule in Spain.
South America
Argentina
White Argentines make up 97% of
Argentina's population, or around 39 million people. of the Ecuadorian population. Most still hold large amounts of lands, mainly in the northern
Sierra, and live in
Quito or
Guayaquil. There is also a large number of white people in
Cuenca, a city in the southern
Andes of Ecuador, due to the arrival of Frenchmen in the area, in order to measure the arc of the Earth. Cuenca,
Loja, and the
Galápagos attracted German immigration during the early 20th century, and the Galápagos also had a small
Norwegian fishing community until they were asked to leave.
Paraguay
Ethnically, culturally, and socially, Paraguay has one of the most
homogeneous populations in
South America. The exact percentage of the white Paraguayan population isn't known because the Paraguayan census doesn't include racial or ethnic identification, save for the indigenous population, which reached 1.7% of the country's total in the last census, held in 2002. Other sources estimate the other groups. The mestizo population is estimated at 95% by the CIA World Factbook, and all other groups at 5%. Thus, Whites and the remaining groups (Asians, Afro-Paraguayans, others, if any) combine for approximately 3.3% of the total population. The majority of whites are of Spanish descent with others being of Italian, German, or of other European descent.
Peru
White Peruvians represent 15% of the population, or up to 4.3 million. Brazilian
samba singer and motion picture star, most active in the
1940s.
Maria Montez - was a Dominican-born motion picture actress who gained fame and popularity in the 1940s as an exotic beauty starring in a series of filmed-in-Technicolor costume adventure films.
Alinne Moraes - is a Brazilian actress who starred as Mônica Paiva (Nina) on the soap opera Como Uma Onda.
Lymari Nadal - Puerto Rican actress
Ana de la Reguera - is a Mexican Telenovela and Hollywood actress.
Raquel Torres - (1908-1987) was a Mexican film actress born in Hermosillo, Mexico.
Benicio Del Toro - is an Academy Award-winning Puerto Rican actor and film producer.
Leonor Varela - is a Chilean actress.
Eduardo Verástegui - Mexican actor
Sofia Vergara - is a Colombian actress, model, and television presenter.
Musicians
Charytin - is a singer, TV presenter and actress from the Dominican Republic.
Chayanne is a Puerto Rican Latin pop singer.
Chabuca Granda was a Peruvian singer and song writer especialized in costal Peruvian music of strong Spanish and African influence.
Juan Diego Flórez - is a Peruvian operatic tenor, particularly known for his roles in bel canto operas.
Ricky Martin - is a Grammy Award and Latin Grammy Award-winning Puerto Rican pop singer.
Carmen Monarcha - is a Brazilian opera singer.
Carlos Ponce - is a Puerto Rican actor, singer, composer and TV personality
Paulina Rubio- is a Latin Grammy-nominated Mexican singer and actress
Ivete Sangalo - is a Latin Grammy Award-winning Brazilian axé and MPB singer, songwriter, and occasional actress and television show host.
Shakira - is a Colombian singer, songwriter, instrumentalist, record producer, dancer, philanthropist and occasional actress
Natalia Oreiro- is a popular Latin Grammy-nominated Uruguayan singer and actress of Galician origin.
Thalía - is a successful Latin Grammy-awarded Mexican singer and actress.
Sepultura - a Brazilian metal-band consisting out of mostly white musicians.
Juanes - Colombian singer.
Journalists
Patricia Janiot - is a Colombian news anchor.
Eladio Lárez - is a Venezuelan former news anchor, now President of RCTV.
Andrés Oppenheimer - is an Argentine news anchor, columnist, and author.
Ana Paula Padrão - is a Brazilian news anchor.
Pedro Sevcec - is an Uruguayan news anchor.
Jacobo Zabludovsky - is a Mexican radio news announcer/commentator, and former news anchor.
Models
Alessandra Ambrósio is a Brazilian supermodel.
Ana Beatriz Barros is a Brazilian supermodel. She is one of the most successful Brazilian supermodels.
Cecilia Bolocco - is a Chilean television entertainer and former Miss Universe.
Gisele Bündchen is a Brazilian supermodel.
Catherine Fulop - is a Venezuelan-born Argentine model of Hungarian descent.
María Julia Mantilla García was born in 1984 in Trujillo, a city in Peru's northern coast.
Cynthia Olavarría is a fashion model who has competed in the Miss Universe pageant.
Isabeli Fontana is a Brazilian supermodel.
Astrid Muñoz - Puerto Rican model
Ingrid Rivera is Miss Puerto Rico 2008.
Mayra Verónica - is a Cuban model.
Presidents and Political figures
Óscar Arias - is the current President of Costa Rica
Michelle Bachelet - is a center-left politician and the current President of Chile—the first woman to hold this position in the country's history.
Álvaro Colom - is the President of Guatemala for the 2008-2012 term.
Felipe Calderón - is the President of Mexico.
Alan García - is the current President of Peru
Fidel Castro - was the President of Cuba.
Che Guevara - was an Argentine-born Marxist revolutionary, political figure, and leader of Cuban and internationalist guerrillas.
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner - the first woman elected President of Argentina.
Hipolito Mejia - former Dominican president, from 2000 to 2004
Martín Torrijos - is a Panamanian politician and the current President of Panama.
Alvaro Uribe - current President of Colombia
Tabaré Vázquez - is the current President of Uruguay.
Irene Sáez - a Venezuelan politician and former Miss Universe.
Aníbal Acevedo Vilá - is the eighth and current Governor of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
Augusto Pinochet - former Chilean president
Religious figures
Jorge Bergoglio - is an Argentine Roman Catholic cardinal and Archbishop of Buenos Aires.
Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa - is a Chilean Roman Catholic cardinal and Archbishop of Santiago.
Cláudio Hummes - is a Brazilian Roman Catholic cardinal and Prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy.
Javier Lozano Barragán - is a Mexican Roman Catholic cardinal and President of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers.
Jorge Urosa - is a Venezuelan Roman Catholic cardinal and Archbishop of Caracas.
Sports
Antonio de Nigris - Mexican professional soccer player.
Manu Ginóbili - Argentine professional basketball player.
Sebastián Keitel - Chilean professional sprinter.
Adrian Fernandez - Mexican professional Race Car driver.
Sofía Mulanovich - Peruvian professional surfer.
David Nalbandian - Argentine professional tennis player.
Gustavo Kuerten - Brazilian professional tennis player.
Claudia Poll - Nicaraguan-born Costa Rican swimmer of German descent who won the gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
Gabriela Sabatini - former Argentine professional tennis player.
Cláudio Taffarel - former Brazilian professional soccer player.Further Information
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